Cerebral edema is the increase in the content of brain water, that is when the brain water content rises above the normal levels of 8/10ths. This disorder is usually a result of and response to a primary brain insult. Cerebral edemas are observed in a large number of cases related to brain injuries, including but not limited to toxic–metabolic derangements, inflammatory diseases, primary and metastatic neoplasms, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury.

Acute meningitis is life-threatening and presents with increased morbidity and mortality. A distinguishing characteristic exists between bacterial meningitis and the more common viral meningitis. With the increased use of the said conjugate vaccines, the annual occurrences of bacterial meningitis in the US decreased from the earlier 1.9 down to1.5 cases per 100,000 persons between the years 1998 and 2003, with a total mortality rate of 15.6%.

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a form of mental health imbalance that causes extreme mood swings in a person. The mood swings can be extremely high as in a feeling of euphoria or full of energy or extremely low as in a feeling of depression and helplessness.

Depression is classified as a mood disorder which causes a continuous feeling of sadness, anxiety, and loss of interest in activities that they otherwise used to enjoy. It is also known as Clinical Depressive Disorder. It affects the way an individual feels, experiences, thinks and perceives. It is a common yet a serious medical condition which affects your life negatively.

According to the APA (American Psychological Association), trauma is the emotional response of a person to an adversely negative event. Altered or extreme emotions is one of the most common ways in which trauma gets manifested. Different people have different responses to trauma. While trauma often becomes so severe that people find great difficulty dealing with normal life, many people can overcome the stress and cope with it and continue to live happily.

Trauma is a profoundly distressing event for an individual, as it comprises life-altering situations like serious accidents, the discovery of a terminal disease, loss of a loved one, violent attacks, abduction, natural or human-made disasters, etc. Following traumatic events, an individual can react in several different ways. Feelings of fear, anger, guilt, melancholia, loneliness, etc.